What is the function of the neutral conductor in an electrical system?

The function of the neutral conductor in an electrical system is to provide a return path for current. In a typical electrical circuit, current flows from the power source through the hot conductor to the load (such as an appliance or light fixture) and then returns back to the power source through the neutral conductor. This creates a complete circuit, allowing electrical devices to operate effectively.

The neutral is designed to carry current under normal operating conditions and is typically bonded to ground at the main panel, ensuring safety and stability in the electrical system. This bonding also helps to limit the potential for electrical shock by maintaining a common reference point for the electrical system.

In contrast, other options do not accurately describe the primary function of the neutral conductor. While the hot conductor delivers voltage to the circuit, and grounding connects to the earth for safety and fault conditions, these roles do not pertain to the neutral's specific purpose. The neutral conductor's key role remains to provide a return path, facilitating the flow of electric current necessary for system functionality.