What can be a visible sign on a surface after the evaporation of water transporting dissolved salts?

Efflorescence is a specific term used to describe the formation of white, chalky deposits that appear on the surface of materials such as brick, concrete, and stone after water has evaporated. This phenomenon occurs when water, containing dissolved salts, seeps through porous materials. As the water evaporates, it leaves behind these salts, which crystallize and create the characteristic white staining.

This visible sign can often indicate moisture issues in a building and may imply that there are underlying problems with water intrusion or inadequate drainage. Monitoring and addressing efflorescence is important in masonry and construction to prevent further damage and ensure the longevity of structures. Staining, mildew, and pitting do not specifically refer to the process of evaporated mineral deposits, which points to why efflorescence is the most accurate choice in this context.